What are Terpenes

What are Terpenes? (TERPS)

Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in various plants, including cannabis. Responsible for the distinctive scents and flavors of different strains, terpenes not only contribute to the overall sensory experience but may also interact with cannabinoids, influencing the therapeutic effects of cannabis.

Cannabis terpenes are aromatic compounds found in the resinous glands of the cannabis plant. These organic molecules play a crucial role in shaping the plant's overall sensory experience, influencing both its fragrance and taste. Terpenes contribute to the diverse array of scents associated with different cannabis strains, ranging from earthy and piney to citrusy and floral.

The aromatic diversity arises from the presence of various terpenes, each with its own distinct scent profile. These terpenes not only impact the overall olfactory experience but also contribute to the complex flavor palette of cannabis. Whether it's the sweet notes of myrcene, the citrusy hints of limonene, or the peppery tones of caryophyllene, terpenes significantly influence the taste of cannabis strains.

Beyond their sensory impact, terpenes are believed to interact with cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, in what is known as the entourage effect. This phenomenon suggests that the combined presence of cannabinoids and terpenes may enhance or modulate the psychoactive and therapeutic effects of cannabis. For instance, myrcene is thought to contribute to a more sedative experience, while limonene may offer uplifting and mood-enhancing effects.

In essence, cannabis terpenes are not just responsible for the plant's aroma and flavor but also play a role in the nuanced and varied psychoactive effects users may experience. Understanding terpenes allows enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the complexity of different strains and tailor their cannabis experience based on both sensory preferences and desired effects.

18 Common Cannabis Terpenes

Myrcene

Myrcene is a prominent cannabis terpene known for its earthy, musky aroma reminiscent of cloves and herbal notes. It contributes to the skunky scent often associated with cannabis. In terms of taste, myrcene can offer a slightly sweet, fruity undertone. Beyond its sensory profile, myrcene is believed to enhance the effects of THC, potentially leading to a more relaxed, sedative, or "couch-lock" experience. This terpene is associated with strains that are often sought after for their calming and stress-relieving properties.

Limonene

Limonene, a citrus-scented cannabis terpene, delivers a refreshing and zesty aroma reminiscent of lemons and oranges. Its taste profile often includes a tangy, citrusy flavor. Beyond its aromatic and flavor characteristics, limonene is thought to contribute to an uplifting and mood-enhancing cannabis experience. This terpene has been associated with potential stress relief and increased mental focus, making strains rich in limonene appealing to those seeking a more energetic and euphoric high.

Pinene

Pinene, a distinctive cannabis terpene, carries a pine-like aroma, often reminiscent of a walk through a coniferous forest. Its scent is crisp and resinous, with undertones of earthiness. The flavor profile of pinene can include herbal and slightly woody notes. Beyond its sensory attributes, pinene is recognized for potential anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties. Some users associate strains high in pinene with increased alertness and improved airflow, making it a choice terpene for those seeking a clear-headed and focused experience.

Linalool

Linalool, a floral and lavender-scented cannabis terpene, imparts a sweet, delicate aroma reminiscent of flowers and herbs. Its taste profile often includes subtle hints of lavender and citrus. Beyond its pleasing scent and flavor, linalool is associated with potential calming and relaxing effects. This terpene is believed to contribute to a sense of tranquility and relief from stress or anxiety. Strains high in linalool are sought after by those looking for a more soothing and serene cannabis experience, making it a popular choice for relaxation.

Humulene

Humulene, a cannabis terpene with an earthy and woody aroma, often exhibits spicy and herbal notes. Its scent is reminiscent of hops, contributing to a slightly hoppy or beer-like fragrance. In terms of taste, humulene can present itself with earthy and woody undertones, occasionally accompanied by a subtle spiciness. This terpene is known for its potential anti-inflammatory properties and appetite-suppressant effects. Strains high in humulene may appeal to those seeking a more grounded and focused experience, along with potential relief from inflammation or appetite modulation.

Terpinolene

Terpinolene, a multifaceted cannabis terpene, offers a complex aroma combining floral, herbal, and fruity notes. Its scent is often described as sweet and herbal with hints of citrus. In terms of taste, terpinolene can present a mix of floral and herbal flavors, sometimes accompanied by a subtle spiciness. This terpene is associated with potential antioxidant and anti-anxiety effects. Cannabis strains high in terpinolene may provide a balanced and uplifting experience, making them appealing to users seeking a more creative and mood-enhancing high.

Borneol

Borneol, a less common but distinctive cannabis terpene, is known for its minty, camphor-like aroma with subtle hints of earthiness. Its scent can be reminiscent of menthol or eucalyptus. In terms of taste, borneol may offer a cooling, minty flavor with earthy undertones. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, borneol is thought to possess potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Strains high in borneol may appeal to those seeking a more refreshing and soothing cannabis experience, with potential benefits for discomfort or inflammation.

Camphene

Camphene, a cannabis terpene, has a pungent and earthy aroma with undertones of herbal and fir-like scents. Its fragrance can be reminiscent of damp woodlands. In terms of taste, camphene often presents itself with a herbal and slightly cooling flavor. While less abundant compared to other terpenes, camphene is believed to contribute potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Cannabis strains containing camphene may offer a unique and refreshing experience, appealing to those who enjoy earthy, woodland-inspired aromas and flavors.

Geraniol

Geraniol, a floral and fruity cannabis terpene, emits a sweet and rosy aroma with notes of geranium. Its scent can be reminiscent of flowers and fruits, creating a pleasant olfactory experience. In terms of taste, geraniol may contribute a delicate and floral flavor, often with hints of citrus. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, geraniol is associated with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety effects. Cannabis strains high in geraniol may offer a calming and uplifting experience, making them appealing to those seeking a more serene and mood-enhancing high.

Alpha-Bisabolol

Alpha-bisabolol, a cannabis terpene with a subtle and sweet floral aroma, often carries notes of chamomile. Its scent is soothing and reminiscent of a gentle, herbal fragrance. In terms of taste, alpha-bisabolol can contribute a mild floral and sweet flavor to cannabis strains. This terpene is associated with potential anti-inflammatory and skin-soothing properties. Strains high in alpha-bisabolol may appeal to users seeking a more calming and relaxing experience, with potential benefits for those looking to alleviate inflammation or promote a sense of tranquility.

Valencene

Valencene, a citrus-scented cannabis terpene, presents a bright and sweet aroma reminiscent of Valencia oranges. Its fragrance is characterized by zesty and fruity notes. In terms of taste, valencene often contributes a citrusy, tangy flavor to cannabis strains. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, valencene is associated with potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Strains high in valencene may offer an invigorating and uplifting experience, making them appealing to those who enjoy the energetic and refreshing qualities of citrus aromas and flavors.

Eucalyptol

Eucalyptol, a cannabis terpene with a distinctive aroma, features a cool, minty scent reminiscent of eucalyptus leaves. Its fragrance is often described as refreshing and invigorating. In terms of taste, eucalyptol can contribute a slightly minty and herbal flavor to cannabis strains. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, eucalyptol is believed to have potential anti-inflammatory and respiratory benefits. Strains high in eucalyptol may appeal to those seeking a crisp and revitalizing cannabis experience, with potential benefits for respiratory well-being and a soothing sensation.

Trans-Nerolido

Trans-nerolidol, a cannabis terpene, carries a floral and citrusy aroma with sweet and fruity undertones. Its scent is often likened to orange blossoms or fresh citrus peels. In terms of taste, trans-nerolidol may contribute a delicate floral and citrus flavor to cannabis strains. This terpene is associated with potential sedative and relaxing effects, making strains high in trans-nerolidol appealing to those seeking a calming and stress-relieving cannabis experience. Additionally, trans-nerolidol is believed to have antimicrobial properties, adding to its potential therapeutic benefits.

Isovaleric Acid

Isovaleric acid, while not a typical cannabis terpene, can sometimes be present in trace amounts, contributing to a pungent and sour aroma. Its scent is often characterized by a strong, cheesy or sweaty note. In terms of taste, isovaleric acid may impart a tangy and sharp flavor to cannabis strains. While not as prevalent as other terpenes, it's worth noting that isovaleric acid is more commonly associated with the characteristic smell of aged cheese rather than cannabis. Strains with detectable levels of isovaleric acid might have unique and intense aromatic profiles, potentially appealing to users who appreciate complex and unconventional scents.

Caryophyllene

Caryophyllene, a cannabis terpene, has a distinctive spicy and peppery aroma with subtle hints of wood and cloves. Its scent can be reminiscent of black pepper. In terms of taste, caryophyllene often contributes a peppery and spicy flavor to cannabis strains. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, caryophyllene is unique among terpenes as it can interact with CB2 receptors in the endocannabinoid system, potentially providing anti-inflammatory effects. Strains high in caryophyllene may appeal to those seeking a combination of spice and potential therapeutic benefits, making it popular for stress relief and relaxation.

Delta 3 Carene

Delta 3 Carene, a cannabis terpene, exhibits a sweet and earthy aroma with subtle citrus notes. Its fragrance is often likened to cedar or cypress wood. In terms of taste, Delta 3 Carene can contribute a sweet and herbal flavor to cannabis strains. Beyond its aromatic and flavor profile, this terpene is associated with potential anti-inflammatory properties and has been suggested to promote bone health. Strains high in Delta 3 Carene may appeal to those seeking a unique combination of sweet and earthy tones along with potential benefits for inflammation and joint health.

Sabinene

Sabinene, a cannabis terpene, offers a spicy and citrusy aroma with a hint of pine. Its fragrance is often reminiscent of cloves and oranges. In terms of taste, Sabinene can contribute a peppery and slightly sweet flavor to cannabis strains. While less prominent than some other terpenes, Sabinene is recognized for its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Strains high in Sabinene may provide a unique sensory experience, appealing to those who enjoy a combination of spicy, citrus, and herbal notes, along with potential therapeutic benefits.

P-Cymene

P-Cymene, a cannabis terpene, has a distinct aroma characterized by a combination of citrus and herbal notes, often reminiscent of cumin. Its scent can be both earthy and slightly sweet. In terms of taste, P-Cymene may contribute a warm, herbal flavor to cannabis strains. While not as abundant as other terpenes, P-Cymene is recognized for its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Strains high in P-Cymene may offer a unique sensory experience, combining earthy and citrusy tones, and could potentially provide therapeutic benefits related to inflammation and oxidative stress.